Assessing the Economic Performance of Catfish Farming in Nsukka and Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria: A Comparative Perspective

Özet

Despite the significant contribution of catfish farming to Nigeria's agricultural sector, there is limited research on its economic viability and opportunities. This study presents a comparative analysis of the economic performance of catfish farming in both the Nsukka Local Government Area (LGA) and Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria. Specifically, it compared the socioeconomic characteristics of catfish farmers, evaluated the profitability of catfish production, and identified the constraints faced by farmers in these locations. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents, and primary data were gathered using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and profitability indicators were employed to achieve the objectives. The results indicated that most catfish farmers in both locations are young, married, and have a formal education. The findings also revealed that catfish farming is a profitable venture in both Nsukka LGA and Enugu Metropolis, with mean gross margins of ₦662,534.45 and ₦861,733.22, respectively. The return on investment (ROI) for catfish farmers in Nsukka LGA was 1.09. In contrast, the ROI for Enugu Metropolis was 1.40, demonstrating greater profitability in that area.  However, the enterprise faces significant challenges, including high feed costs, elevated interest rates on bank loans, inadequate access to quality fingerlings, and high water supply costs. The study recommends strategic interventions to address these challenges and enhance the profitability and sustainability of catfish farming in the areas studied, including input cost management, better access to credit, and government support for research and development.